Table 5 Factors influencing prevalence ratio of subclinical malaria in pregnant women by rt-PCR
Potential risk factors | Total (N = 752) | rt-PCR (+) n (%) (N = 43) | Unadjusted PR (95% CI) | p-value* | Adjusted PR (95% CI) | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Site | ||||||
 Madaya (Ref) | 368 | 17 (4.6) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 Shwekyin | 384 | 26 (6.8) | 1.078 (0.670, 1.736) | 0.757 | 1.412 (0.743, 2.683) | 0.292 |
Season (≥ 3 month in study) | ||||||
 Dry (Ref) | 226 | 7 (3.1) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 Wet | 526 | 36 (6.8) | 2.492 (1.274, 4.875) | 0.008 | 1.863 (0.821, 4.228) | 0.137 |
Mean age | 27.3 | 24.8 | 0.952 (0.912, 0.993) | 0.022 | 0.917 (0.851, 0.987) | 0.021 |
Gravidity | ||||||
 Multigravida (Ref) | 259 | 11 (4.3) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 Secundigravida | 193 | 13 (6.7) | 2.326 (1.232, 4.392) | 0.009 | 1.137 (0.480, 2.690) | 0.771 |
 Primigravid | 298 | 19 (6.4) | 1.564 (0.832, 2.941) | 0.165 | 0.718 (0.279, 1.850) | 0.493 |
Fever^ at enrollment | ||||||
 Absent (Ref) | 728 | 41 (5.6) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 Present | 23 | 2 (8.7) | 2.512 (1.011, 6.245) | 0.047 | 1.273 (0.321, 5.049) | 0.731 |
Gestation from fundal height | ||||||
 Third trimester (Ref) | 129 | 5 (3.9) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 Second trimester | 460 | 29 (6.3) | 1.870 (0.793, 4.410) | 0.153 | 2.080 (0.737, 5.866) | 0.166 |
 First trimester | 153 | 8 (5.2) | 2.951 (1.191, 7.311) | 0.019 | 1.862 (0.567, 6.118) | 0.306 |
Education |  |  |  |  | – | – |
 Illiterate (Ref) | 20 | 1 (5.0) | 1 |  |  |  |
 Literate | 706 | 40 (5.7) | 1.841 (0.256, 13.270) | 0.545 |  |  |