Table 3 Phytochemical screening for medicinal plants with antidiarrheal activity
Plant species | Solvent | Plant part(s) | Alkaloids | Flavonoids | Tannins | Terpenoids | Saponins | Phenolic compounds | Cardiac glycoside | Anthraquinones | Steroids | Author (year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nymphaea lotus Linn | Methanol | Rhizome | a | a | a | a | a | b | a | a | a | [75] |
Artocarpus heterophyllus | Ethanol and hexane | Seeds | a | a | a | – | a | b | a | – | a | [124] |
Maytenus peduncularis, Maytenus procumbens, Maytenus senegalensis and Maytenus undata | Various solvents | Leaves | b | a | a | b | b | a | b | b | b | [125] |
Indigofera lupatana Baker F | Ethanol | Leaves | b | a | a | a | a | a | a | b | a | [126] |
Dalbergiella nyasae | ethanol | Leaves, roots bark | a | a | a | a | a | a | b | b | a | [96] |
Acacia nilotica (L.) Del., Acacia ethaaica Schweinf., Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne., Cissus quadrangularis L., Clerodendrum myriacoides | Methanol | Bark/roots Bark Roots Stems Roots | a | a | a | a | a | b | a | b | b | [60] |
Acacia horrida (L.) Willd | Methanol | Bark | a | – | a | a | a | b | a | b | b | [60] |
Acacia nubica Benth | Methanol | Bark | – | a | – | a | – | b | a | b | b | [60] |
Acacia senegal (L.) | Methanol | Bark | – | a | a | a | a | b | a | b | b | [60] |
Acokanthera friesiorum Markgr | Methanol | Roots/leaves | – | a | a | – | – | b | a | b | b | [60] |
Albizia anthelmitica Brongn | Methanol | Roots/leaves | a | a | a | – | a | b | – | b | b | [60] |
Aloe secundiflora Engl | Methanol | Whole | – | a | a | a | – | b | – | b | b | [60] |
Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del | Methanol | Roots | a | a | a | a | a | b | – | b | b | [60] |
Boscia angustifolia Guill. and Perr | Methanol | Bark | a | – | a | – | – | b | – | b | b | [60] |
Cissus rotundifolia Forsk. Vahl | Methanol | Roots | a | – | a | – | a | b | – | b | b | [60] |
Cordia monoica Roxb | Methanol | Roots | – | – | a | a | a | b | – | b | b | [60] |
Anacardium occidentale L | Aqueous, hydroethanolic | Leaves | – | – | a | – | a | b | b | b | – | [73] |
Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Hutch. & Dalziel | Aqueous, hydroethanolic | Leaves | a | a | a | – | a | b | b | b | – | [73] |
Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A. DC | Aqueous, hydroethanolic | Leaves | a | a | a | – | a | b | b | b | – | [73] |
Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A. Juss | Aqueous, hydroethanolic | Bark | a | a | a | – | a | b | b | b | – | [73] |
Manihot esculenta Crantz | Aqueous, hydroethanolic | Leaves | – | – | a | – | a | b | b | b | – | [73] |
Ocimum gratissimum L | Aqueous, hydroethanolic | Leaves | a | a | a | – | a | b | b | b | – | [73] |
Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir | Aqueous, hydroethanolic | Leaves | – | a | a | a | – | b | b | b | a | [73] |
Rauvolfia vomitoria Afzel | Aqueous, hydroethanolic | Leaves | – | a | a | a | a | b | b | b | a | [73] |
Senna italica Mill | Aqueous, hydroethanolic | Leaves | – | – | a | – | a | b | b | b | – | [73] |
Vernonia amygdalina D | Aqueous, hydroethanolic | Leaves | a | a | a | a | a | b | b | b | a | [73] |
Priva adhaerens | Aqueous | Leaves, shoot | a | – | a | b | a | b | b | – | b | [74] |
Osyris quadripartita D | Methanol | Leaves | a | a | a | a | a | a | – | a | – | [127] |
Hydnora abyssinia A.Br. a Harrisonia abyssinica Oliv.b | Ethanl, ethyl acetate | Roots, stems | a | a | a | a | a | b | b | b | – | [128] |
Solanum incanum L | Ethanl, ethyl acetate | Roots | a | a | a | a | a | a | a | a | a | [128] |
Leucas aspera (Willd.) Link | Ethanl, ethyl acetate | Leaves | – | a | a | a | a | b | b | b | – | [128] |