- In models 1–4, the direct relationship between outcome and explanatory variables/potential predictors of each level was presented without adjusting the variables from other levels. Model 5 included the smoking variable along with age and sex variable as covariate. Model 6 included at least one co-morbid conditions, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 virus detected with the covariates age and sex variables. Model 7 included duration of symptom prior to admission in days and length of hospital stay in days variables, along with the covariates age, sex, influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 detected variables