Fig. 5

Distribution of P. falciparum parasites carrying major PfDHFR and PfDHPS mutations in the DRC. Surveys that analyzed each of PfDHFR or PfDHPS mutations were projected on these maps. The diameter of each circle is proportional to the number of isolates that have been successfully sequenced for corresponding genes. The color palettes reflect the relative frequency of parasites carrying each mutation during individual investigations. a–d display information related to PfDHFR S108N, N51I, K504E, and A437G mutations separately. Unshaded areas thus represent provinces that report parasites harboring these mutations (i.e., Kinshasa: 10; Kongo-Central: 11; Mai-Ndombe: 16; Nord-Kivu: 19; Sud-Kivu: 22)