Ethnobotanical study of nutraceutical plants used to manage opportunistic infections associated with HIV/AIDS in Acholi sub-region, Northern Uganda

Ikinyom, Norah; Lamwaka, Alice Veronica; Malagala, Aloysius Tenywa; Ndyomugyenyi, Elly Kurobuza

doi:10.1186/s41182-023-00540-w

Table 9 Nutraceutical plants used to manage fungal opportunistic infections and mode of preparation for quality control

From: Ethnobotanical study of nutraceutical plants used to manage opportunistic infections associated with HIV/AIDS in Acholi sub-region, Northern Uganda

Scientific name, Family, Local name in native ‘Acholi dialect’	Accession number	Habit	Habitat	Conservation status	Fungal opportunistic infection (uses)	Part used	Mode of preparation	Familiarity Index	Fidelity level
Anacardium occidentale L Anacardiaceae Fulmunnu	MHU 42396	T	Ho	Cu/A	Oral candidiasis	FB	Boil bark, drink decoction	0.015	0.020
Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam Moraceae Fene	MHU 40229	T	Ho	Cu/A	Oral candidiasis	FR	Boil roots, drink decoction	0.003	0.005
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Leguminoceae Lapena	MHU 51151	S	Ga	Cu/A	Oral candidiasis	FL	Chew leaves	0.003	0.0001
Carisa edulis (Vahl.) Apocynaceae Ocuga	MHU 35814	S		W/A	Oral candidiasis	FL	Boil leaves, drink decoction	0.005	0.0100
Citrus limon (L.) Burm Rutaceae Lemun	MHU 42222	S	Ho	Cu/A	Skin fungal infection	FFr	Rub fruit peel on skin	0.003	0.0009
Clerodendrum swienfuthii L Lamiaceae Lacer	MHU 40967	S	Bu	W/R	Oral candidiasis	FL	Boil leaves, drink decoction	0.015	0.0030
Cucurbita pepo L Cucurbitaceae Okono	MHU 42492	C	Ga	Cu/A	Skin fungal infection	FL	Rub leaves on skin	0.003	0.0007
Cucurma longa L Zingiberaceae Binzaali	MHU OJ55	H	Ga	Cu/A	Oral candidiasis	DR	Mix powdered root in water, drink	0.003	0.010
Erythrina abyssinica Lam Leguminoseae Lucoro	MHU 32166	T	Bu	W/A	Oral candidiasis	FR	Boil roots, drink decoction	0.010	0.002
Euphorbia hirta L Euphorbaiceae Acak–acak	MHU 50984	H	Bu	W/A	Skin fungal infection, oral candidiasis	FL	Rub leaves on skin	0.005	0.001
Harisonia abyssinica Oliv Rutaceae Pedo	MHU 35837	S	Bu	W/R	oral candidiasis	FL	Boil leaves, drink decoction	0.005	0.005
Harungana madagascariensis Lam. Ex Poir Hypericaceae Aremu	MHU 32681	S	Bu	W/R	Skin fungal infection	FL	Boil leaves, drink decoction	0.003	0.001
Hoslundia opposita Vahl Lamiaceae Tuutu	MHU 31950	S	Bu	W/R	Oral candidiasis. Candida, skin fungal infection	FR	Boil roots, drink decoction	0.010	0..008
Imperata cylindrica (L.) Poaceae Obiya	MHU 35056	G	Gr	W/A	Oral candidiasis	FR	Boil roots, drink decoction	0.003	0.0014
Indigofera arrecta Hochst.ex A.Rich Leguminosae Laywer	MHU 42857	S	Bu	W/A	Oral candidiasis	FL	Boil leaves, drink decoction	0.003	0.0014
Lantana camara L Verbenaceae Abelwinyu	MHU 50924	S	Bu	W/A	Oral candidiasis	FL	Soak leaves in hot water, drink infusion	0.005	0.005
Lippia javanica Burm.f. spreng Verbenaceae Orwo	MHU 31966	S	Bu	W/R	Skin fungal infection	FL	Boil leaves, drink decoction	0.003	0.003
Lonchocarpus laxiflorus Guill. & Perr Leguminoseae Olwedo	MHU 43280	T	Bu	W/R	Oral candidiasis, Skin fungal infection	FR	Boil roots, drink decoction	0.010	0.0036
Luffa cylindrical (Linn.) M.J.Roem Cucurbitaceae Amoo	MHU 41714	C	Ga	Cu/A	Skin fungal infection	FL	Rub leaves on skin	0.013	0.005
Moringa oleifera Lam Moringaceae Moringa (scientific)	MHU 50971	T	Ho	Cu/A	Oral candidiasis	FL	Boil leaves, drink decoction	0.005	0.003
Musa paradisiaca L Musaceae Labolo	AAA-EA	H	p	Cu/A	Oral candidiasis, skin fungal infection	S	Mix sap in water, drink	0.010	0.0067
Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach) Milne-Redh Leguminoseae Ogali	MHU 35791	S	Bu	W/A	skin fungal infect, oral candidiasis	FL	Boil leaves, drink decoction	0.010	0.0014
Psidium guajava L Myrtaceae Mupera	MHU 42105	T	Ho	Cu/A	Oral candidiasis	FL	Soak leaves in hot water, drink infusion	0.003	0.002
Ricinus communis L Euphorbaceae Coga macon	MHU 42123	S	Bu	W/A	Oral candidiasis	FL	Boil leaves, drink decoction	0.003	0.005
Securidaca longipenduculata Fresen polygalaceae lalia	MHU 35766	T	Bu	W/R	Skin fungal infection	FR	Boil roots, drink decoction	0.003	0.0025
Senna obtisifolia L Leguminoceae oyedo	MHU 36690	S	Bu	W/A	Skin fungal infection	FR	Boil leaves, drink decoction	0.003	0.0033
Solanum incanum L Solanaceae Ocok	MHU 35802	S	Rs	W/A	Oral candidiasis	FL	Boil roots, drink decoction	0.003	0.0003
Vernonia amygdalina Del Astereceae Labwori	MHU 42532	S	Bu	W/A	Skin fungal infection, oral candidiasis	FL	Boil leaves, drink decoction	0.018	0.0015
Vernonia lasiopus O. Hffm Asteraceae Labuka	MHU 35754	S	Bu	W/R	Candida of genitals	FL	Rub leaves on gentitals	0.003	0.0005
Vitellaria paradoxa C.F.Gaetn Verbenaceae Yaa	MHU 33728	T	Ho	Cu/A	Oral candidiasis	FSe	Soak crushed seeds in cold water by maceration, drink	0.015	0.0088

Parts used: FL: fresh leaf, FR: fresh Root, FSB: fresh stem bark, FSe: fresh seed, FFr: fresh fruit, Bu: bulb, S: sap
Habitat: Bu—bushland, Gr—grassland, Ho—homestead, Rs—roadside, P—plantation, Sw—swamp, Ga—garden, Fo—forest, Wo—woodland
Habit: S—shrub, T—tree, H—herb, C—climber, G—grass
Conservation status: W/A: wild and abundant, W/R: wild and rare, Cu/A: cultivated and abundant, Cu/R: cultivated and rare
Decoction: water extraction by boiling of dissolved plant material and drank
Infusion: plant material is added to hot water and left to stand for few minutes and drank

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ISSN: 1349-4147

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