Variables | Categories | Null model | aModel 1 AOR [95% CI] | Model 2 AOR [95% CI] | Model 3 AOR [95% CI] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age of women (years) | 15–19 |  | Ref. |  | Ref. |
20–35 |  | 1.15 [1.11, 1.19] | – | 1.15 [1.11, 1.18]* | |
36–49 |  | 1.31 [1.27, 1.36] | – | 1.30 [1.26, 1.35]* | |
Educational attainment of women | No education | Â | Ref. | Â | Ref. |
Primary education |  | 1.95 [1.89, 2.00]*** | – | 1.95 [1.89, 2.00]* | |
Secondary and above |  | 2.20 [2.12, 2.27]*** | – | 2.18 [2.10, 2.26]** | |
Occupation of women | Not worked | Â | Ref. | Â | Ref. |
Worked | Â | 1.30 [1.27, 1.35] | - | 1.31 [1.27, 1.34]*** | |
Household family size | 1–4 |  | Ref. |  | Ref. |
5–10 |  | 0.92 [0.90, 0.95] | – | 0.93 [0.89, 0.96]* | |
≥ 11 |  | 0.67 [0.64, 0.70] | – | 0.68 [0.64, 0.70]** | |
Media exposure | No | Â | Ref. | Â | Ref. |
Yes |  | 1.17 [1.14, 1.20]*** | – | 1.16 [1.13, 1.19]** | |
Wealth index | Poorer | Â | Ref. | Â | Ref. |
Middle |  | 1.09 [1.05, 1.13]* | – | 0.92 [0.71, 1.17] | |
Richer |  | 1.26 [1.22, 1.30]*** | – | 1.23 [1.16, 1.27]* | |
Sex of child | Male | Â | Ref. | Â | Ref. |
Female |  | 0.98 [0.95, 1.00] | – | 0.98 [0.95, 1.01] | |
Age of child | 24–35 months |  | Ref. |  | Ref. |
36–47 months |  | 0.99[0.96, 1.02] | – | 0.99[0.96, 1.02] | |
48–59 months |  | 1.00[0.97,1.03] |  | 1.01[0.97,1.03] | |
Vitamin A | No | Â | Ref. | Â | Ref. |
Yes |  | 6.16 [6.01, 6.32]*** | – | 6.18 [6.02, 6.33]*** | |
Diarrhea | No | Â | Ref. | Â | Ref. |
Yes |  | 1.16 [1.13, 1.21]* | – | 1.17 [1.12, 1.21]** | |
Community-level variables | |||||
Income level of the country | Lower-income | Â | Â | Ref. | Ref. |
Lower middle |  | – | 1.02 [1.55, 1.04] | 0.95[0.92,0.99] | |
Upper middle |  | – | 0.99[0.94,1.04] | 1.95 [0.88, 1.02] | |
Survey year | < 2015 |  |  | Ref. | Ref. |
≥ 2015 |  | – | 0.97 [0.95, 0.99] | 0.99[0.96, 1.03] | |
Residence | Urban | Â | Â | Ref. | Ref. |
Rural |  | – | 0.66 [0.64, 0.67]* | 0.94 [0.92, 0.98]** | |
Region | Central Africa | Â | Â | Ref. | Ref. |
East Africa |  | – | 1.02 [0.98,1.06] | 0.95 [0.90,1.00] | |
West Africa |  | – | 1.03 [0.99, 1.07] | 0.97 [0.90, 1.00] | |
Southern Africa |  | – | 1.00 [0.93, 1.08] | 1.01 [0.92, 1.12] | |
Random effect | |||||
 | Variance | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.30 | 0.23 |
ICC | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.06 | |
MOR | 1.50 | 1.26 | 1.41 | 1.24 | |
PCV | Ref. | 37.5% | 10.0% | 43.5% | |
Model comparison | |||||
 | Deviance | 130,830 | 80,065 | 129,948 | 80,000 |
 | Mean VIF | – | 1.50 | 1.62 | 1.87 |