Table 2 Describes the detailed demographic distribution and clinical features among dengue patients in major outbreaks
|  | 2000 Outbreak (First outbreak) [27] | 2002 Outbreak [21] | 2006–2008 Outbreak (Pediatric cases) [38] | 2008 Outbrak (DHF cases) [65] | 2016 Outbreak [30] | 2018 Outbreak [28] | 2019 Outbreak [29] | 2019 Outbreak (Pediatric cases) [23] | 2019 Outbreak (Non endemic Zone) [39] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample size (n) | 176 | 100 | 54 | 55 | 40 | 350 | 553 | 190 | 319 |
Mean age (years) | – | 29 | 6.5 | – | – | 25 | 27 | 8.8 | 33 |
Age range (years) | All age | 10–70 | Less than 16 | 13 and above | All age | All age | 3–85 | Less than 15 | 18 and above |
Gender distribution (%) | |||||||||
 Male | – | 73 | 50 | 84 | 62 | 68 | 63 | 55 | 70 |
 Female | – | 27 | 50 | 16 | 38 | 32 | 37 | 45 | 30 |
Common symptoms (%) | |||||||||
 Fever | 100 | 100 | 63a | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 92 |
 Headache | 91 | 96 | 31 | 32 | 25 | 61 | 62 | 68 | 73 |
 Arthralgia/ Joint pain | 85 | 91 | 18 | 09 | 73 | 23 | 04 | 49 | – |
 Rash | 55 | 28 | 76 |  | 12 | 6 | 04 | 28 | 16 |
 Retro-orbital pain | – | – | 15 | – | 50 | 20 | 39 | 34 | 47 |
 Myalgia/body ache | – | – | 46 | 45 | 12 | 44 | – | 37 | 71 |
 Sore throat/Mouth sore | – | – | – | – | – | – | 01 | 28 | – |
 Lethargy | – | – | – | – | 30 | – | – | 78 | – |
GI symptoms (%) | |||||||||
 Vomiting | 64 | 93 | 57 | 40 | 27 |  | 69 | 80 | 34 |
 Abdominal pain | – | 83 | 59 | 02 | 30 | 32 | 86 | 65 | 30 |
 Diarrhoea | – | – | 09 | 04 | 25 | 05 | 26 | 43 | 43 |
 Constipation | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 73 | 04 |
 Anorexia | – | – | – | 05 | – | – | – | 79 | – |
Bleeding symptoms (%) | |||||||||
 Malena | 20 | 50 | 15 | 11 | 07 | – | 05 | 06 | 12 |
 Gum bleeding | 11 | 41 | 13 | 18 |  |  | 03 |  | 08 |
 Sub-conjunctival haemorrhage | – | 17 | 33 | 16 | 20 | – | – | – | 09 |
 Epistaxis | – | 02 | – | 02 | – | – | 01 | 06 | 02 |
Signs of plasma leakage (%) | |||||||||
 Hypotension | – | – | 11 | 71 | – | – | 25 | – | – |
 Oedema |  | 07 | – | – | – | – | 0.3 | 09 | 01 |
 Pleural effusion | 13 |  | 28 | – | – | – | 02 | – | 02 |
 Ascites | 09 | – | 15 | – | – | – | 02 | – | 01 |
 Oliguria/Anuria | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2 | 21 |  |
Atypical manifestations (%) | |||||||||
 Hepatomegaly | 07 | – | 31 | – | – | – | 01 | – | 07 |
 Splenomegaly | – | – | 03 | – | – | – | 0.5 | – | – |
 Eye redness | – | – | – | – | – | – | 12 | – | – |
 Respiratory distress | – | – | – | – | – | – | 04 | 13 | 02 |
 Cough | – | – | 04 | – | – | – | 05 |  | 03 |
 Convulsion | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.2 |  | – |
 Jaundice | – | 01 | – | – | 12 | – | 01 | – | – |
 Excessive sweating | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 40 |  |
 Confusion | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 21 | – |
 Blurring of vision | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 12 | – |
 Palpitation | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 08 | – |
 Impaired consciousness | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 20 | – |
Laboratory abnormalities (%) | |||||||||
 Low Haemoglobin | – | – | – | – | – | – | 11 | 38 | – |
 Thrombocytopenia | 57 | 86 | 69 | 100 | – | – | 66 | 87 | 30 |
 Leukopenia | – | – | 09 | – | – | – | 29 | 40 | 63 |
 Elevated haematocrit | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 13 | 23 |
 Raised Bilirubin | – | – | – | – | – | – | 13 | – | – |
 Raised AST | – | – | – | – | – | – | 67 | – | 05 |
 Raised ALT | – | – | 41 | – | – | – | 50 | – | 12 |