Table 2 Characteristics of study participants and rate of influenza infection
From: Characterization of influenza infection in a high-income urban setting in Nairobi, Kenya
Characteristic | Influenza virus positive (%) (n = 21) | Influenza virus negative (%) (n = 104) | Total population (%) | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | 10 (17.5) | 47 (82.5) | 57 (45.6) | 0.839 |
 Female | 11(16.2) | 57 (83.2) | 68 (54.4) | 0.839 |
Age (years) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 0–4 | 3 (9.1) | 30 (90.9) | 33 (26.4) | 0.132 |
 5–10 | 10 (40.0) | 15 (60.0) | 25 (20.0) | 0.001 |
 11–19 | 2 (15.4) | 11 (84.6) | 13 (10.4) | 0.623 |
 20–34 | 0 | 9 (100.0) | 9 (7.2) | 0.180 |
 34–49 | 4 (12.9) | 27 (87.1) | 31 (24.8) | 0.354 |
 50 years and above | 2 (14.3) | 12 (85.7) | 14 (11.2) | 0.571 |
Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 African | 6 (20.7) | 23 (79.3) | 29 (23.2) | 0.523 |
 Asian | 9 (16.4) | 46 (83.6) | 55 (44.0) | 0.908 |
 American/European | 6 (18.2) | 27 (81.8) | 33 (26.4) | 0.805 |
 Unknown | 0 | 8 (100.0) | 8 (6.4) | 0.219 |
Vaccination status | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Vaccinated | 2 (11.8) | 15 (88.2) | 17 (13.6) | 0.425 |
 Ever been vaccinated | 0 | 11 (100.0) | 11 (8.8) | 0.120 |
 Never been vaccinated | 19 (20.2) | 75 (79.8) | 94 (75.2) | 0.060 |
 Unknown | 0 | 3 (100.0) | 3 (2.4) | 0.573 |
Travel history | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Travel history | 8 (13.3) | 52 (86.7) | 60 (48.0) | 0.319 |
 Onset of symptoms within 14 days of travel | 5 (14.3) | 30 (80.7) | 35 (58.3) | 0.557 |
 Onset of symptoms beyond 14 days of travel | 3 (12.0) | 22 (88.0) | 25 (41.7) | 0.557 |
 No travel history | 13 (20.0) | 52 (80.0) | 65 (52.0) | 0.319 |
Seasons (n = 101) |  |  |  |  |
 March–May | 0 | 25 (100.0) | 25 (24.7) | 0.006 |
 June–September | 3 (12.5) | 32 (87.5) | 24 (23.8) | 0.389 |
 October–November | 12 (38.7) | 19 (61.3) | 31 (30.7) | < 0.001 |
 December–February | 2 (9.5) | 19 (90.5) | 21 (20.8) | 0.266 |