Table 6 Soil-transmitted helminthiasis and the associated risk factors among study participants, southern Ethiopia, 2021

Distance to the nearest water point

 Below 500 m

68 (24.9)

Ref

 Above 500 m

205 (75.1)

2.11 (1.66–2.69)

4.06 (1.55–10.66)

0.004*

Queuing time at the water source

 Below 30 min

64 (23.4)

Ref

 Above 30 min

209 (76.6)

2.16 (1.69–2.74)

4.35 (1.65–11.50)

0.003*

Liters of drinking water p/L/day

 Less than 5 L/p/day

195 (71.4)

3.48 (2.59–4.69)

2.94 (1.74–4.97)

0.001*

 Between 5 and 7 L/p/day

13 (4.8)

.93 (.45–1.98)

.91 (.38–2.19)

0.847

 Above 7.5 L/p/day

65 (23.8)

Ref

Water for personal hygiene

 Below 15 L/p/day

178 (65.2)

3.42 (2.51–4.66)

2.84 (1.63–4.95)

0.001*

 Between 15 and 20 L/p/day

36 (13.2)

1.44 (.86–2.40)

1.85 (.83–4.140)

0.133

 Above 20 L/p/day

59 (21.6)

Ref

Mechanism of water treatment

 Disinfection

65 (23.8)

Ref

 Nothing

207 (75.8)

2.76 (2.12–3.59)

2.33 (1.02–5.33)

0.045*

Latrine for the household only

 Yes

74 (27)

Ref

 No

198 (72.5)

2.75 (2.10–3.60)

3.83 (1.49–9.81)

0.005*

Disposal of solid waste

 Burning

80 (29.3)

Ref

 Into waste pit

47 (17.2)

2.14 (1.29–3.55)

1.90 (.67–5.40)

0.231

 Open field

146 (53.5)

3.32 (2.33–4.32)

2.83 (1.21–6.62)

0.017*

Untrimmed finger nails

 Yes

193 (70.7)

.68 (.37–1.23)

0.084

 No

80 (29.3)

Ref

Child washes hands before eating

 Yes

259 (94.9)

.147 (.37–1.23)

0.342

 No

14 (5.1)

Ref

Pets or animals living in close proximity

 Yes

171 (62.6)

2.58 (1.68–3.95)

2.83 (1.66–4.82)

0.001*

 No

102 (37.4)

Ref

Under-nutrition

 Yes

161 (59.2)

1.85 (1.22–2.82)

1.88 (1.22–2.90)

0.004*

 No

112 (40.8)

Ref

How does the conflict affected you

 Displaced

200 (73.3)

2.30 (1.79–2.96)

3.08 (1.17–8.09)

0.022*

 Hosted displaced family

36 (13.2)

1.80 (1.04–3.11)

1.73 (.67–4.47)

.259

 Not affected

37 (13.6)

Ref