Table 2 Bivariate association between type of VHV and EPDS score (n = 120)

1. I have been able to laugh and see the funny side of things ^a

0.6

(0.9)

0.9

(1.0)

0.15

2. I have looked forward with enjoyment to things ^a

1.1

(1.2)

0.8

(1.1)

0.17

3. I have blamed myself unnecessarily when things went wrong ^a

0.9

(1.0)

1.0

(1.0)

<0.01

4. I have been anxious or worried for no good reason ^a

0.5

(0.8)

1.0

(1.0)

0.46

5. I have felt scared or panicky for no good reason ^a

0.6

(0.9)

0.8

(0.9)

0.23

6. Things have been getting on top of me ^a

0.5

(0.7)

0.5

(0.7)

0.77

7. I have been so unhappy that I have had difficulty sleeping ^a

0.6

(0.9)

1.1

(1.0)

0.01

8. I have felt sad or miserable ^a

0.3

(0.5)

0.4

(0.6)

0.29

9. I have been so unhappy that I have been crying ^a

0.4

(0.6)

0.5

(0.6)

0.20

10. The thought of harming myself has occurred to me ^a

0.0

(0.3)

0.0

(0.2)

0.86

Total^b

5.5

(3.9)

7.0

(4.5)

0.08