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Table 6 Drug prescriptions for outpatients under 5 years of age at provincial hospital (PH) and district hospitals (DH)

From: Antibiotic prescription for under-fives with common cold or upper respiratory tract infection in Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR

Variables

PH

DH

Total

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

All prescribed drugs

375 (100)

1166 (100)

1541 (100)

EDL drugs

313 (83.4)

1068 (91.5)

1381 (89.6)

INN drugs

291 (77.6)

953 (81.7)

1244 (80.7)

AB medication

106 (100)

299 (100)

405 (100)

First-line antibiotics based on National STG

103 (97.2)

292 (97.7)

395 (97.5)

Drugs other than the first-line antibiotics

3 (2.8)

7 (2.3)

10 (2.5)

More than one antibiotic

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

Antibiotic family

Beta-lactams

93 (87.7)

260 (87.0)

353 (87.2)

Cephalosporins

2 (1.9)

5 (1.7)

7 (1.7)

Macrolides

10 (9.4)

33 (11.0)

43 (10.6)

Sulfonamides

1 (0.9)

1 (0.3)

2 (0.5)

AB prescription

First-line AB based on WHO MLEMC

93 (87.7)

237 (79.3)

330 (81.5)

Correct doses based on the National STG*

56 (52.8)

73 (24.4)

129 (31.9)

Appropriate duration based on the National STG

0 (0.0)

9 (3.0)

9 (2.2)

  1. WHO MLEMC: WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children the 6th List (March 2017). First-line antibiotics of the National STG include amoxicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, and penicillin V. The first-line antibiotics based on the WHO MLEMC includes amoxicillin and penicillin V
  2. AB antibiotics, EDL essential drug list, INN international non–proprietary name, SD standard deviation, STG standard treatment guideline
  3. *p < 0.001 between PH and DH