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Table 4 Quality appraisal of the included studies (Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist)

From: Teachers’ conflicts in implementing comprehensive sexuality education: a qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis

No

Study

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5

Q6

Q7

Q8

Q9

Q10

Level

1

Le Mat et al. (2021) [20]

Y

Y

Y

U

U

N

N

U

N

U

B

2

Ocran. (2021) [21]

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

N

Y

Y

Y

B

3

De Hass and Hutter. (2019) [22]

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

A

4

Achora et al. (2018) [23]

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

Y

N

Y

B

5

De Hass and Hutter. (2020) [24]

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

N

Y

Y

Y

B

6

Louw. (2017) [25]

N

Y

U

Y

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

B

7

Håkansson et al. (2020) [26]

Y

Y

Y

U

Y

N

Y

Y

N

Y

B

8

Rijsdijk et al. (2014) [27]

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

N

Y

Y

Y

B

9

De Hass and Hutter. (2022) [28]

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

N

Y

Y

Y

B

10

Plaza-Del-Pino et al. (2021) [29]

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

N

Y

Y

Y

B

11

Zulu et al. (2019) [30]

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

N

Y

Y

Y

B

  1. Y: yes; N: no; U: unclear; NP: not applicable
  2. Q1. Is there congruity between the stated philosophical perspective and the research methodology?
  3. Q2. Is there congruity between the research methodology and the research question or objectives?
  4. Q3. Is there congruity between the research methodology and the methods used to collect data?
  5. Q4. Is there congruity between the research methodology and the representation and analysis of data?
  6. Q5. Is there congruity between the research methodology and the interpretation of results?
  7. Q6. Is there a statement locating the researcher culturally or theoretically?
  8. Q7. Is the influence of the researcher on the research, and vice-versa, addressed?
  9. Q8. Are participants, and their voices, adequately represented?
  10. Q9. Is the research ethical according to current criteria or, for recent studies, and is there evidence of ethical approval by an appropriate body?
  11. Q10. Do the conclusions drawn in the research report flow from the analysis, or interpretation, of the data?