Antibiotic resistance in ocular bacterial infections: an integrative review of ophthalmic chloramphenicol

Table 3 Mean susceptibility and resistance rates in ophthalmic bacterial infections from reviewed literature

Years	Country/Region	Mean susceptibility rate (%)	Mean resistance rate	References
2000	United Kingdom	67.9	32.1%	[12]
2000	Austria	85.7	14.3%	[13]
2001	Switzerland	82	18%	[14]
2002	Europe	85.9	14.1%	[15]
2002	Japan	81	19%	[16]
2002	India	75.2	24.8%	[17]
2003	United States of America	40	60%	[18]
2004	Brazil	90.6	9.4%	[19]
2004	United Kingdom	86.8	13.2%	[20]
2005	United Kingdom	100	N/A	[21]
2006	Brazil	92.1	7.9%	[22]
2007	Iran	66	34%	[23]
2008	Spain	95.2	4.8%	[24]
2008	Korea	66.7	33.3%	[25]
2009	Europe	78.3	21.7%	[26]
2009	Nigeria	69.2	30.8%	[27]
2010	United Kingdom	87.4	12.6%	[28]
2011	Nigeria	30.4	69.6%	[29]
2011	United States of America	97.3	2.7%	[30]
2011	United Kingdom	25.9	74.1%	[31]
2011	United Kingdom	65.9	34.1%	[32]
2012	Oman	63	37%	[33]
2013	Greece	97.6	2.4%	[34]
2013	Italy	75	25%	[35]
2014	Ethiopia	31.5	68.5%	[36]
2015	Bosnia and Herzegovina	99.4	0.6%	[37]
2015	Europe	85.9	14.1%	[38]
2016	Italy	74	26%	[39]
2016	China	92	8%	[40]
2016	United Kingdom	96.6	8.4%	[41]
2016	China	49	51%	[42]
2016	Australia	79	21%	[43]
2017	Ethiopia	87.5	12.5%	[44]
2017	Ethiopia	70.2	29.8%	[45]
2018	Japan	88	12%	[46]
2018	Ethiopia	73.8	26.2%	[47]
2018	United Kingdom	90	10%	[48]
2019	United States of America	97.8	2.2%	[49]
2019	United Kingdom	79.8	20.2%	[50]
2019	United States of America	96.3	3.7%	[51]
2019	India	95	5%	[52]
2020	Iran	30.2	69.8%	[53]
2021	Ireland	97.6	2.4%	[54]
2022	Ethiopia	69.9	30.1%	[55]

ISSN: 1349-4147