Table 1 Descriptive summary of 23 studies included in the meta-analysis to estimate good food hygiene practice among food handlers in Ethiopia
Study ID | Author (year) | Region | Sampling method | Component of food hygiene assessed by each study | Response rate (%) | sample size | The proportion of good food hygiene practice with 95% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Abdi et al. 2021 [41] | Addis Ababa | Simple random sampling | hand, utensils and water hygiene | 95.2 | 394 | 27.4 (26.7, 28.1) |
2 | Abe et al. 2021[56] | Oromia | Simple random sampling | hand, utensils and water hygiene | 99 | 305 | 57.7 (52.2, 63.2) |
3 | Meleko et al. 2015 [50] | Addis Ababa | Census | Personal/Hand and Utensil hygiene | 100 | 302 | 47.6 (46.7, 48.5 |
4 | Adane et al. 2018 [42] | Amhara | Systematic sampling | Hand and utensils hygiene | 100 | 135 | 69.6 (68.4, 70.7) |
5 | Azanaw et al. 2019 [38] | Amhara | Simple random sampling | waste management, Utensil cleanliness | 100 | 384 | 49.0 (48.2, 49.8) |
6 | Chekol et al. 2019 [37] | Amhara | Simple random sampling | not reported | 98.6 | 416 | 40.1 (39.4, 40.9) |
7 | Dagne et al. 2019 [43] | Amhara | Simple random sampling | Wearing protective cloth, clean and sanitize working service, finger nail trimming, utensil and hand hygiene | 100 | 423 | 49.6 (48.8, 50.4) |
8 | Derso et al. 2017 [44] | Amhara | Simple random sampling | Personal, Hand and Utensil hygiene | 98.8 | 417 | 67.6 (66.9, 68.3) |
9 | Gizaw et al. 2014 [53] | Amhara | Systematic sampling | Wearing protective cloth, utensil and hand hygiene | 100 | 403 | 30.3 (29.6, 31.0) |
10 | Kibret et al. 2012 [36] | Amhara | Simple random sampling | Hand hygiene | 100 | 455 | 90.1 (89.8, 90.4) |
11 | Lema et al. 2020 [47] | Amhara | Simple random sampling | Wearing protective cloth, utensil and hand hygiene | 98.2 | 394 | 46.7 (45.9, 47.5) |
12 | Reta et al. 2018 [51] | Amhara | Simple random sampling | Wearing protective cloth, utensil hygiene and finger nail trimming | 100 | 288 | 46.5 (45.6, 47.4) |
13 | Alemayehu et al. 2020 [54] | Amhara | Simple random sampling | Wearing protective cloth, utensil hygiene and finger nail trimming | 100 | 408 | 53.7 (52.9, 54.5) |
14 | Teferi et al. 2021[57] | Oromia | Simple random sampling | not reported | 100 | 422 | 50.5 (45.7, 55.3) |
15 | Tessema et al. 2020[55] | Amhara | Census | Wearing protective cloth, utensil and hand hygiene | 94.4 | 406 | 52.5 (51.7, 53.3) |
16 | Yenealam et al. 2020 [52] | Amhara | Systematic sampling | Working environment cleaning, utensil and hand hygiene | 95.53 | 214 | 66.4 (65.4, 67.4) |
17 | Kuti et al. 2015 [35] | Oromia | Census | Wearing protective cloth, utensil and hand hygiene, finger nail trimming, | 98 | 198 | 90.4 (89.8, 91.0) |
18 | Yeshanew et al. 2021 [33] | Oromia | Simple random sampling | Wearing protective cloth, utensil and hand hygiene | 100 | 139 | 19.4 (18.4, 20.4) |
19 | Mekasha et al. 2016 [49] | Oromia | Simple random sampling | working environment cleanliness, utensil and hand hygiene | 100 | 112 | 41 (39.7, 42.3) |
20 | Lalit et al. 2015 [45] | Tigray | Simple random sampling | finger nail trimming, hand hygiene | 97.5 | 369 | 53.1 (52.3, 53.9) |
21 | Mardu et al. 2020 [48] | Tigray | Census | Environmental and hand hygiene | 100 | 66 | 51.5 (50.0, 53.0) |
22 | Legesse et al. 2017 [46] | SNNPR | Simple random sampling | wearing protective cloth, utensil and finger nail trimming, hand hygiene | 98.9 | 383 | 32.6 (31.9, 33.3) |
23 | Tesfaye et al. 2020 [34] | Somali | Census | Personal and hand hygiene, finger nail trimming | 100 | 120 | 27.5 (26.3, 28.7) |