Socio-demographic characteristics | Agreed that vaccines are effective to prevent and control COVID-19 | Would accept COVID-19 vaccines when available | Believed that convenience is important for people to decide whether to accept vaccines | Believed that health providers’ advice is important for people to decide whether to accept vaccines | Believed that cost of the vaccines is important for people to decide whether to accept vaccines | Hesitant to receive COVID-19 vaccines |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||||
 Female | 2088 (78.5) | 2178 (81.9) | 1991 (74.8) | 2175 (81.8) | 1615 (60.7) | 1342 (50.4) |
 Male | 2183 (84.0)a | 2240 (86.2)a | 1985 (76.3) | 2192 (84.3)a | 1690 (65.0)a | 1250 (48.1) |
p value |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 | 0.21 | 0.01 | 0.001 | 0.09 |
Residential area | ||||||
 Rural | 1187 (74.2) | 1217 (76.1) | 1016 (63.5) | 1139 (71.2) | 766 (47.9) | 901 (56.3)a |
 Urban | 3084 (84.2)a | 3201 (87.4)a | 2960 (80.9)a | 3228 (88.2)a | 2539 (69.4)a | 1691 (46.2) |
p value |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |
Education level | ||||||
  ≤ Primary | 36 (94.7) | 35 (92.1) | 17 (44.7) | 20 (52.6) | 5 (13.2) | 34 (89.5)a |
 Secondary | 1151 (77.6) | 1142 (77.0) | 1050 (70.8) | 1090 (73.5) | 840 (56.6) | 799 (53.9)a |
 Post-secondary | 540 (66.3) | 531 (65.2) | 520 (63.9) | 534 (65.6) | 422 (51.8) | 422 (51.8)a |
 Tertiary | 2544 (87.0)a | 2710 (92.7)a | 2389 (81.7)a | 2722 (93.1)a | 2038 (69.7)a | 1337 (45.7) |
p value |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |
Employment status | ||||||
 Employed | 2429 (74.9) | 2596 (80.0) | 2222 (68.5) | 2515 (77.6) | 1800 (55.5) | 1603 (49.4) |
 Student | 1679 (91.9)a | 1653 (90.5)a | 1598 (87.5)a | 1692 (92.7)a | 1386 (75.9)a | 871 (47.7) |
 Unemployed | 163 (85.3) | 169 (88.5) | 156 (81.7) | 160 (83.8) | 119 (62.3) | 118 (61.8)a |
p value |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |
Marital status | ||||||
 Widowed/divorced/separated | 111 (69.8) | 120 (75.5) | 95 (59.7) | 115 (72.3) | 96 (60.4) | 88 (55.4) |
 Married | 1692 (77.3) | 1813 (82.8) | 1540 (70.4) | 1753 (80.1) | 1225 (56.0) | 1069 (48.8) |
 Single | 2468 (84.8)a | 2485 (85.3)a | 2341 (80.4)a | 2499 (85.8)a | 1984 (68.1)a | 1435 (49.3) |
p value |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 | 0.29 |
Family economic status | ||||||
 High | 751 (86.7)a | 807 (93.2)a | 600 (69.3) | 733 (84.6)a | 423 (48.8) | 459 (53.1)a |
 Low | 1507 (77.5) | 1535 (79.0) | 1474 (75.8) | 1574 (81.0) | 1283 (66.0)a | 1013 (52.1)a |
 Medium | 2013 (82.2) | 2076 (84.7) | 1902 (77.6)a | 2060 (84.1) | 1599 (65.3) | 1120 (45.7) |
p value |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 | 0.009 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |
Country of residence | ||||||
 Indonesia | 306 (7.2) | 264 (6.0) | 339 (8.5) | 315 (7.2) | 181 (5.5) | 264 (10.2) |
 Malaysia | 1221 (28.6) | 1223 (27.7) | 1218 (30.6) | 1241 (28.4) | 1162 (35.2) | 487 (18.8) |
 Myanmar | 255 (6.0) | 271 (6.1) | 260 (6.5) | 259 (5.9) | 211 (6.4) | 187 (7.2) |
 Philippines | 277 (6.5) | 254 (5.7) | 289 (7.3) | 292 (6.7) | 254 (7.7) | 106 (4.1) |
 Thailand | 1624 (38.0) | 1806 (40.9) | 1550 (39.0) | 1797 (41.1) | 1385 (41.9) | 976 (37.7) |
 Vietnam | 588 (13.8) | 600 (13.6) | 320 (8.0) | 463 (10.6) | 112 (3.4) | 572 (22.1) |
p value |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |