|
Age (years)
|
|
Mean (SD)
|
51 (18)
|
59 (20)
|
49 (17)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Median (IQR)
|
53 (38–64)
|
65 (41–75)
|
51 (37–62)
| |
|
Age group (years)
|
|
0–10 years old
|
7 (1.9)
|
0
|
7 (100.0)
|
< 0.001
|
|
11–20 years old
|
9 (2.4)
|
2 (22.2)
|
7 (77.8)
| |
|
21–40 years old
|
91 (24.8)
|
11 (12.1)
|
80 (87.9)
| |
|
41–60 years old
|
137 (37.3)
|
14 (10.2)
|
123 (89.8)
| |
|
61–80 years old
|
107 (29.2)
|
24 (22.4)
|
83 (77.6)
| |
|
80+ years old
|
16 (4.4)
|
9 (56.2)
|
7 (43.8)
| |
|
Sex
|
|
Female
|
158 (43.0)
|
17 (10.8)
|
141 (89.2)
|
0.015
|
|
Male
|
209 (57.0)
|
43 (20.6)
|
166 (79.4)
| |
|
Nationality
|
|
Filipino
|
365 (99.5)
|
59 (16.6)
|
306 (83.8)
|
0.197
|
|
Chinese
|
2 (0.5)
|
1 (50.0)
|
1 (50.0)
| |
|
Exposure history
|
|
International travel history within 14 days prior to admission
|
9 (2.5)
|
2 (22.2)
|
7 (77.8)
|
0.247
|
|
Exposed to a confirmed case
|
11 (3.0)
|
0
|
11 (100.0)
| |
|
Risk of exposure in workplace
|
9 (2.5)
|
0
|
9 (100.0)
| |
|
No identified exposure
|
338 (92.0)
|
58 (17.2)
|
280 (82.8)
| |
|
Reported symptoms
|
|
Fever
|
227 (61.8)
|
39 (17.2)
|
188 (82.8)
|
0.583
|
|
Cough
|
301 (82.0)
|
53 (17.6)
|
248 (82.4)
|
0.200
|
|
Colds
|
91 (84.8)
|
9 (9.9)
|
82 (90.1)
|
0.071
|
|
Difficulty of breathing
|
167 (45.5)
|
48 (28.7)
|
119 (71.3)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Headache
|
18 (4.9)
|
2 (11.1)
|
16 (88.9)
|
0.749
|
|
Malaise/fatigue
|
39 (10.6)
|
3 (7.7)
|
36 (92.3)
|
0.168
|
|
Diarrhoea
|
29 (7.9)
|
1 (3.5)
|
28 (96.5)
|
0.050
|
|
Anosmia
|
31 (8.4)
|
1 (3.2)
|
30 (96.7)
|
0.041
|
|
Ageusia
|
27 (7.4)
|
1 (3.7)
|
26 (96.3)
|
0.065
|
|
Loss of appetite
|
23 (6.3)
|
5 (21.7)
|
18 (78.3)
|
0.558
|
|
Co-morbidities
|
|
Hypertension
|
140 (38.1)
|
22 (15.7)
|
118 (84.3)
|
0.796
|
|
Diabetes
|
74 (20.2)
|
14 (18.9)
|
60 (81.1)
|
0.486
|
|
Bronchial asthma
|
15 (4.1)
|
0
|
15 (100.0)
|
0.145
|
|
HIV
|
6 (1.6)
|
4 (66.7)
|
2 (33.3)
|
0.008
|
|
Cardiac disease
|
17 (4.6)
|
3 (17.6)
|
14 (82.3)
|
0.747
|
|
Tuberculosis (any form)
|
37 (10.1)
|
10 (27.0)
|
27 (73.0)
|
0.097
|
|
At least one underlying disease
|
205 (55.8)
|
36 (17.6)
|
169 (82.4)
|
0.480
|
|
Clinical status
|
|
Asymptomatic
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
< 0.001
|
|
Mild
|
73 (19.9)
|
1 (1.4)
|
71 (98.6)
| |
|
Moderate
|
106 (28.9)
|
0
|
104 (98.1)
| |
|
Severe
|
114 (31.1)
|
23 (20.2)
|
89 (77.4)
| |
|
Critical
|
63 (17.2)
|
36 (48.7)
|
38 (51.3)
| |
|
Intubated
|
29 (7.9)
|
28 (96.5)
|
1 (3.5)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Duration between the onset of symptoms and admission
|
|
Mean (SD)
|
8 (15)
|
5 (33)
|
8 (7)
|
0.229
|
|
Median (IQR)
|
7 (5–10)
|
6 (4–9)
|
7 (5–10)
| |
|
0–14 days
|
322 (88.7)
|
53 (16.4)
|
269 (87.6)
|
0.047
|
|
15–30 days
|
35 (9.6)
|
4 (11.4)
|
31 (88.6)
| |
|
> 30 days
|
6 (1.7)
|
3 (50.0)
|
3 (50.0)
| |
|
Hospitalisation days
|
|
Mean (SD)
|
12 (9)
|
7 (9)
|
13 (9)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Median (IQR)
|
10 (7–15)
|
5 (1–10)
|
11 (8–16)
| |
|
Other diagnoses
|
|
Pneumonia
|
181 (49.3)
|
49 (27.1)
|
132 (72.9)
|
<0.001
|
|
Upper respiratory tract infection
|
15 (4.1)
|
0
|
15 (100.0)
|
0.080
|
|
Acute gastroenteritis
|
10 (2.7)
|
0
|
10 (100.0)
|
0.378
|
|
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
|
48 (13.1)
|
33 (68.7)
|
15 (31.2)
|
<0.001
|
|
Ct-values distribution
|
N = 227
|
N = 36
|
N = 191
| |
|
11–20
|
3 (1.3)
|
1 (33.3)
|
2 (66.70)
|
0.178
|
|
21–30
|
63 (27.7)
|
14 (22.2)
|
49 (77.8)
| |
|
31–40
|
159 (70.0)
|
20 (12.6)
|
139 (87.4)
| |
|
> 40
|
2 (0.9)
|
1 (50.0)
|
1 (50.0)
| |
