|
Age (years)
|
|
Mean (SD)
|
48 (17)
|
41 (11.5)
|
51 (18)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Median (IQR)
|
48 (34–61)
|
40 (31–50)
|
53 (38–64)
| |
|
Age group (years)
|
|
0–10 years old
|
7 (1.4)
|
–
|
7 (1.9)
|
< 0.001
|
|
11–20 years old
|
9 (1.8)
|
–
|
9 (2.4)
| |
|
21–40 years old
|
158 (31.6)
|
67 (50.4)
|
91 (24.8)
| |
|
41–60 years old
|
195 (39.0)
|
58 (43.6)
|
137 (37.3)
| |
|
61–80 years old
|
115 (23.0)
|
8 (6.0)
|
107 (29.2)
| |
|
80+ years old
|
16 (3.2)
|
–
|
16 (4.4)
| |
|
Sex
|
|
Female
|
221 (44.2)
|
63 (47.4)
|
158 (43.0)
|
0.390
|
|
Male
|
279 (55.8)
|
70 (52.6)
|
209 (57.0)
| |
|
Nationality
|
|
Filipino
|
498 (99.6)
|
133 (100.0)
|
365 (99.5)
|
1.000
|
|
Chinese
|
2 (0.4)
|
–
|
2 (0.5)
| |
|
Exposure history
|
|
International travel history within 14 days prior to admission
|
9 (1.8)
|
0
|
9 (2.4)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Exposed to a confirmed case
|
21 (4.2)
|
10 (7.5)
|
11 (3.0)
| |
|
Risk of exposure in workplace
|
105 (21.0)
|
96 (72.2)
|
9 (2.4)
| |
|
No identified exposure
|
365 (73.0)
|
27 (20.3)
|
339 (92.1)
| |
|
Reported symptoms
|
|
Fever
|
281 (56.2)
|
54 (40.6)
|
227 (61.8)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Cough
|
381 (76.2)
|
80 (60.1)
|
301 (82.0)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Colds
|
142 (28.4)
|
51 (38.3)
|
91 (24.8)
|
0.003
|
|
Difficulty of breathing
|
185 (37.0)
|
18 (13.5)
|
167 (45.5)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Headache
|
22 (4.4)
|
4 (3.0)
|
18 (4.9)
|
0.464
|
|
Malaise/fatigue
|
45 (9.0)
|
6 (4.5)
|
39 (10.6)
|
0.034
|
|
Diarrhoea
|
34 (6.8)
|
5 (3.8)
|
29 (7.9)
|
0.112
|
|
Anosmia
|
37 (7.4)
|
6 (4.5)
|
31 (8.4)
|
0.176
|
|
Ageusia
|
33 (6.6)
|
6 (4.5)
|
27 (7.4)
|
0.312
|
|
Loss of appetite
|
23 (4.6)
|
0
|
23 (6.3)
|
0.001
|
|
Co-morbidities
|
|
Hypertension
|
177 (35.4)
|
37 (27.8)
|
140 (38.1)
|
0.033
|
|
Diabetes
|
87 (17.4)
|
13 (9.8)
|
74 (20.2)
|
0.007
|
|
Bronchial asthma
|
22 (4.4)
|
7 (5.3)
|
15 (4.1)
|
0.622
|
|
HIV
|
6 (1.3)
|
0
|
6 (1.6)
|
0.349
|
|
Cardiac disease
|
20 (4.0)
|
3 (2.3)
|
17 (4.6)
|
0.306
|
|
Tuberculosis (any form)
|
41 (8.2)
|
4 (3.0)
|
37 (10.1)
|
0.009
|
|
At least one underlying disease
|
258 (51.6)
|
53 (40.0)
|
205 (55.9)
|
0.002
|
|
Clinical status
|
|
Asymptomatic
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
< 0.001
|
|
Mild
|
136 (27.2)
|
63 (47.4)
|
73 (19.9)
| |
|
Moderate
|
162 (32.4)
|
56 (42.1)
|
106 (28.9)
| |
|
Severe
|
121 (24.2)
|
7 (5.3)
|
113 (31.1)
| |
|
Critical
|
70 (14.0)
|
7 (5.3)
|
63 (17.2)
| |
|
Intubated
|
29 (5.8)
|
0
|
29 (100.0)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Duration between the onset of symptoms and admission
|
|
Mean (SD)
|
7 (13)
|
6 (3.5)
|
8 (15)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Median (IQR)
|
6 (4–9)
|
5.5 (4–8)
|
7 (5–10)
| |
|
0–14 days
|
448 (89.6)
|
126 (96.9)
|
322 (87.8)
|
0.016
|
|
15–30 days
|
39 (7.8)
|
4 (3.1)
|
35 (9.5)
| |
|
> 30 days
|
6 (1.2)
|
–
|
6 (1.6)
| |
|
Hospitalisation days
|
|
Mean (SD)
|
12 (8)
|
11 (5)
|
12 (9)
|
0.340
|
|
Median (IQR)
|
10 (7–14)
|
10 (7–12)
|
10 (7–15)
| |
|
Other diagnoses
|
|
Pneumonia
|
202 (40.4)
|
21 (16.0)
|
181 (49.3)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Upper respiratory tract infection
|
24 (4.8)
|
9 (6.8)
|
15 (4.1)
|
0.238
|
|
Acute gastroenteritis
|
13 (2.6)
|
3 (2.3)
|
10 (2.7)
|
1.000
|
|
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
|
52 (10.4)
|
4 (3.0)
|
48 (13.1)
|
0.001
|
|
Ct-value distribution
| |
n = 105
|
N = 227
|
0.317
|
|
11–20
|
5 (1.5)
|
2 (1.9)
|
3 (1.3)
| |
|
21–30
|
98 (30.0)
|
37 (35.2)
|
63 (27.7)
| |
|
31–40
|
222 (67.9)
|
66 (62.9)
|
159 (70.0)
| |
|
> 40
|
2 (0.6)
|
–
|
2 (0.9)
| |
|
Outcome
|
|
Died
|
61 (12.2)
|
1 (0.7)
|
60 (16.3)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Discharged
|
439 (87.8)
|
132 (99.3)
|
307 (83.6)
| |
