Table 1 Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of healthcare and non-healthcare workers COVID-19 inpatients in San Lazaro Hospital, January 2020 to October 2020
Characteristics | Total (n = 500) | HCW cases (n = 133) | non-HCW (n = 367) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | ||||
Mean (SD) | 48 (17) | 41 (11.5) | 51 (18) | < 0.001 |
Median (IQR) | 48 (34–61) | 40 (31–50) | 53 (38–64) | |
Age group (years) | ||||
0–10 years old | 7 (1.4) | – | 7 (1.9) | < 0.001 |
11–20 years old | 9 (1.8) | – | 9 (2.4) | |
21–40 years old | 158 (31.6) | 67 (50.4) | 91 (24.8) | |
41–60 years old | 195 (39.0) | 58 (43.6) | 137 (37.3) | |
61–80 years old | 115 (23.0) | 8 (6.0) | 107 (29.2) | |
80+ years old | 16 (3.2) | – | 16 (4.4) | |
Sex | ||||
Female | 221 (44.2) | 63 (47.4) | 158 (43.0) | 0.390 |
Male | 279 (55.8) | 70 (52.6) | 209 (57.0) | |
Nationality | ||||
Filipino | 498 (99.6) | 133 (100.0) | 365 (99.5) | 1.000 |
Chinese | 2 (0.4) | – | 2 (0.5) | |
Exposure history | ||||
International travel history within 14 days prior to admission | 9 (1.8) | 0 | 9 (2.4) | < 0.001 |
Exposed to a confirmed case | 21 (4.2) | 10 (7.5) | 11 (3.0) | |
Risk of exposure in workplace | 105 (21.0) | 96 (72.2) | 9 (2.4) | |
No identified exposure | 365 (73.0) | 27 (20.3) | 339 (92.1) | |
Reported symptoms | ||||
Fever | 281 (56.2) | 54 (40.6) | 227 (61.8) | < 0.001 |
Cough | 381 (76.2) | 80 (60.1) | 301 (82.0) | < 0.001 |
Colds | 142 (28.4) | 51 (38.3) | 91 (24.8) | 0.003 |
Difficulty of breathing | 185 (37.0) | 18 (13.5) | 167 (45.5) | < 0.001 |
Headache | 22 (4.4) | 4 (3.0) | 18 (4.9) | 0.464 |
Malaise/fatigue | 45 (9.0) | 6 (4.5) | 39 (10.6) | 0.034 |
Diarrhoea | 34 (6.8) | 5 (3.8) | 29 (7.9) | 0.112 |
Anosmia | 37 (7.4) | 6 (4.5) | 31 (8.4) | 0.176 |
Ageusia | 33 (6.6) | 6 (4.5) | 27 (7.4) | 0.312 |
Loss of appetite | 23 (4.6) | 0 | 23 (6.3) | 0.001 |
Co-morbidities | ||||
Hypertension | 177 (35.4) | 37 (27.8) | 140 (38.1) | 0.033 |
Diabetes | 87 (17.4) | 13 (9.8) | 74 (20.2) | 0.007 |
Bronchial asthma | 22 (4.4) | 7 (5.3) | 15 (4.1) | 0.622 |
HIV | 6 (1.3) | 0 | 6 (1.6) | 0.349 |
Cardiac disease | 20 (4.0) | 3 (2.3) | 17 (4.6) | 0.306 |
Tuberculosis (any form) | 41 (8.2) | 4 (3.0) | 37 (10.1) | 0.009 |
At least one underlying disease | 258 (51.6) | 53 (40.0) | 205 (55.9) | 0.002 |
Clinical status | ||||
Asymptomatic | 0 | 0 | 0 | < 0.001 |
Mild | 136 (27.2) | 63 (47.4) | 73 (19.9) | |
Moderate | 162 (32.4) | 56 (42.1) | 106 (28.9) | |
Severe | 121 (24.2) | 7 (5.3) | 113 (31.1) | |
Critical | 70 (14.0) | 7 (5.3) | 63 (17.2) | |
Intubated | 29 (5.8) | 0 | 29 (100.0) | < 0.001 |
Duration between the onset of symptoms and admission | ||||
Mean (SD) | 7 (13) | 6 (3.5) | 8 (15) | < 0.001 |
Median (IQR) | 6 (4–9) | 5.5 (4–8) | 7 (5–10) | |
0–14 days | 448 (89.6) | 126 (96.9) | 322 (87.8) | 0.016 |
15–30 days | 39 (7.8) | 4 (3.1) | 35 (9.5) | |
> 30 days | 6 (1.2) | – | 6 (1.6) | |
Hospitalisation days | ||||
Mean (SD) | 12 (8) | 11 (5) | 12 (9) | 0.340 |
Median (IQR) | 10 (7–14) | 10 (7–12) | 10 (7–15) | |
Other diagnoses | ||||
Pneumonia | 202 (40.4) | 21 (16.0) | 181 (49.3) | < 0.001 |
Upper respiratory tract infection | 24 (4.8) | 9 (6.8) | 15 (4.1) | 0.238 |
Acute gastroenteritis | 13 (2.6) | 3 (2.3) | 10 (2.7) | 1.000 |
Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 52 (10.4) | 4 (3.0) | 48 (13.1) | 0.001 |
Ct-value distribution | n = 105 | N = 227 | 0.317 | |
11–20 | 5 (1.5) | 2 (1.9) | 3 (1.3) | |
21–30 | 98 (30.0) | 37 (35.2) | 63 (27.7) | |
31–40 | 222 (67.9) | 66 (62.9) | 159 (70.0) | |
> 40 | 2 (0.6) | – | 2 (0.9) | |
Outcome | ||||
Died | 61 (12.2) | 1 (0.7) | 60 (16.3) | < 0.001 |
Discharged | 439 (87.8) | 132 (99.3) | 307 (83.6) | |