Skip to main content

Table 1 Crude odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between Leishmania spp. infection for variables associated with intradomestic, peridomestic, and non-domestic CL transmission, Alto Mayo, Peru 2014–2016

From: Risk factors for cutaneous leishmaniasis in a high-altitude forest region of Peru

Variablesa

Cases

Controls

Crude OR

95% CI

p-value

No.

%

No.

%

Intradomestic transmission

 Permanent opening in housing structure

  No

6

25

14

36

1.00

  

  Yes

18

75

25

64

1.57

0.49–5.02

0.444

 Number of rooms

  1 room

5

21

7

18

1.00

  

  ≥ 2 rooms

19

79

32

82

0.81

0.22–2.91

0.742

 Type of floor

  Soil or wood

7

29

16

43

1.00

  

  Cement

17

71

21

57

2.38

0.72–8.01

0.161

 Type of wall

  Cement or brick

16

67

33

85

1.00

  

  Wood

8

33

6

15

2.64

0.75–9.24

0.129

 Bednet used last night

  No

1

4

3

8

1.00

  

  Yes

23

96

36

92

2.18

0.22–21.55

0.503

 Living in an unfumigated home

  No

12

52

26

74

1.00

  

  Yes

11

48

9

26

4.30

0.87–88.74

0.073

 Type of roof

  Corrugated iron

22

92

31

79

1.00

  

  Cement

2

8

8

21

0.40

0.08–21.40

0.073

Peridomestic transmission

 Dog ownership

  No

10

42

12

31

1.00

  

  Yes

14

58

27

69

0.72

0.27–1.91

0.504

 Home within  250 m of forest cover

  No

16

76

33

85

1.00

  

  Yes

5

24

6

15

1.33

0.37–4.73

0.663

 Home within  250 m of river

  No

20

95

37

95

1.00

  

  Yes

1

5

2

5

0.62

0.05–7.00

0.697

 Home within  250 m of main road

  No

20

95

35

90

1.00

  

  Yes

1

5

4

10

0.37

0.04–3.35

0.373

 Living outside urban area

  No

12

50

29

74

1.00

  

  Yes

12

50

10

26

2.98

0.89–9.99

0.078

Non-domestic transmission

 Visits  an agricultural plot (anytime of day)

  No

1

4

12

31

1.00

  

  Yes

23

96

27

69

8.79

1.09–70.80

0.041

 Visits coffee field  (anytime of day)

  No

7

29

18

46

1.00

  

  Yes

17

71

21

54

2.41

0.69–8.37

0.168

 Sleeps in/near a coffee field

  No

14

58

34

87

1.00

  

  Yes

10

42

5

13

4.41

1.12–16.41

0.027

 Sleeps in/near an agricultural plot

  No

13

54

33

85

1.00

  

  Yes

11

46

6

15

3.84

1.20–12.34

0.024

 Exposed to insecticides  from agricultural plot

  No

5

23

11

37

1.00

  

  Yes

17

77

19

63

1.32

0.42–4.42

0.633

  1. a Full data were not available for every subject