Table 2 Effect of handwashing on diarrheal incidence in children under 5 years old as analyzed by multivariable analysis in rural kebeles of Dire Dawa, east Ethiopia, 2019

Interventional arm

0.59 (0.53–0.65)

0.59 (0.53–0.65)

< 0.001

Non-intervention arm

1

1

Age of the child

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

0.991

 Female

0.99 (0.92–1.08)

0.99 (0.92–1.08)

0.947

 Male

1

1

History of breastfeeding

 Yes

1.02 (0.81–1.27)

1.02 (0.81–1.27)

0.872

 No

1

1

Number of household members

1.00 (0.98–1.02)

1.00 (0.98–1.02)

0.807

 Yes

1.01 (0.91–1.11)

1.01 (0.91–1.12)

0.907

 No

1

1

 Yes

0.99 (0.91–1.10)

0.99 (0.90–1.09)

0.856

 No

1

1

 Improved source

0.99 (0.91–1.08)

0.99 (0.91–1.07)

0.792

 Unimproved source

1

1

 Narrow necked

0.98 (0.89–1.09)

0.98 (0.88–1.09)

0.717

 Wide necked

1

1