Table 2 Anthropometric variables, biochemical data, and poverty index by the age group in males. Values are presented as the mean ± SE or median (1st quartile–3rd quartile). Data were analyzed by ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test to compare variables among the three age groups. The D score was considered poor at ≥ 33.3%

BMI

22.67 ± 0.55

24.60 ± 0.51

21.74 ± 1.09

0.0106

SpO₂

92.00 (91.00–93.00)

91.00 (88.75–92.25)

89.00 (87.50–90.50)

0.3695

SBP

123.5 (115.0–130.0)

133.0 (119.8–145.1)

117.5 (108.8–146.0)

0.529

DBP

68.68 ± 1.70

83.30 ± 1.77

76.27 ± 3.65

0.0359

PP

47.50 (42.00–52.00)

48.75 (43.88–53.25)

45.50 (40.50–65.50)

0.3866

VD^a

1.00 ± 0.06

1.09 ± 0.06

1.03 ± 0.07

0.4946

Hb

14.72 ± 0.25

14.51 ± 0.24

13.65 ± 0.39

0.096

HbA1c^b

5.60 (5.50–5.70)

5.90 (5.70–6.13)

6.00 (5.80–6.00)

0.4508

D score

0.28 ± 0.03

0.23 ± 0.03

0.22 ± 0.03

0.2918