Table 3 Multilevel multivariable logistic regression analysis of childhood diarrhea among under-five children in Ethiopia, 2016

Region

Addis Ababa

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Tigray

1.84 (1.16, 2.91)

1.69 (1.01, 2.83) *

Afar

1.56 (0.97, 2.49)

1.66 (0.97, 2.85)

Amhara

1.94 (1.23, 3.08)

1.80 (1.06, 3.06) *

Oromia

1.57 (1.01, 2.47)

1.52 (0.90, 2.55)

Somali

0.82 (0.51, 1.32)

0.91 (0.53, 1.55)

Benishangul

1.24 (0.76, 2.03)

1.19 (0.68, 2.08)

SNNP

2.08 (1.33, 3.26)

2.04 (1.22, 3.42) *

Gambella

1.93 (1.19, 3.14)

2.05 (1.22, 3.42) *

Harari

1.46 (0.87, 2.44)

1.46 (0.84, 2.54)

Dire Dawa

1.63 (0.97, 2.75)

1.70 (0.98, 2.94)

Mother’s education level

No education

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1

Primary

1.21 (1.04, 1.42)

1.05 (0.89, 1.25)

Secondary/higher

0.99 (0.78, 1.25)

0.84 (0.64, 1.11)

Mother’s age in years

15–24

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25–34

0.89 (0.77, 1.05)

1.05 (0.88, 1.24)

35–49

0.71 (0.58, 0.87)

0.86 (0.70, 1.06)

Residence

Urban

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Rural

1.17 (0.95, 1.13)

1.11 (0.83, 1.49)

Current age of children (month)

< 6

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1

6–11

2.66 (2.02, 3.52)

2.66 (2.01, 3.52) *

12–23

2.53 (1.96, 3.26)

2.45 (1.89, 3.17) *

24–35

1.61 (1.24, 2.10)

1.53 (1.17, 2.01) *

36–47

1.05 (0.79, 1.38)

1.01 (0.76, 1.34)

48–49

0.50 (0.37, 0.67)

0.49 (0.35, 0.66) *

Number of children under 5 years

1

1

1

2

0.84 (0.72, 0.97)

0.86 (0.74, 1.01)

≥ 3

0.68 (0.55, 0.82)

0.76 (0.61, 0.94) *

Mother’s occupation

Not working

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1

Working

1.18 (1.02, 1.35)

1.19 (1.03, 1.38) *

Wealth index

Poor

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1

Middle

1.15 (0.95, 1.41)

1.07 (0.87, 1.33)

Rich

1.05 (0.89, 1.23)

1.08 (0.88, 1.33)

Source of drinking water

Improved water

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1

Unimproved water

1.04 (0.89, 1.21)

1.06 (0.90, 1.25)

Toilet facilities type

Improved water

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1

Unimproved water

1.15 (0.95, 1.39)

1.04 (0.82, 1.32)

Child stool disposal

Safe

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1

Unsafe

0.83 (0.71, 0.96)

1.07 (0.9, 1.26)

Media exposure

Exposed

1.04 (0.88, 1.23)

1.02 (0.85, 1.23)

Not exposed

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