Development of a simple and specific direct competitive ELISA for the determination of artesunate using an anti-artesunate polyclonal antiserum

Table 1 Cross-reactivities of anti-artesunate (ART) polyclonal antibodies with ART and related antimalarial drugs

ART and related antimalarial drugs	50 % inhibitory concentration^b (ng/ml)	Cross-reactivity^c (%)
ART	2.3	100
Artemisinin^a	2000	0.12
Dihydroartemisinin^a	5200	0.04
Quinine^a	>10⁴	<0.023
Chloroquine	>10⁴	<0.023
Primaquine	>10⁴	<0.023
Mefloquine^a	>10⁴	<0.023
Amodiaquine	>10⁴	<0.023
Pyrimethamine^a	>10⁴	<0.023
Sulfadiazine	>10⁴	<0.023

^aTest compound solutions contained 0.5 % dimethylformamide at a concentration of 10⁴ ng/ml
^bConcentrations of test compounds were expressed as free base
^cCross-reactivity of anti-ART antibodies for ART-related antimalarial drugs was determined by dividing the 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of ART by the IC₅₀ values of each antimalarial drug and expressed as a percentage

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