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Table 3 Demographics associated with Toxoplasma seropositivity in participants by univariate analysis

From: Toxoplasma gondii infections among pregnant women, children and HIV-seropositive persons in Accra, Ghana

Study participants

Number examined (N)

Anti-Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity (n/N; %)

χ 2 value

p value (CI 95 %)

Pregnant women

125

64 (51.2)

  

 Age groups

    

  16–20

4

4 (100)

3.94

<0.05*

  21–30

57

30 (52.6)

0.08

0.76

  31–40

58

27 (46.6)

0.94

0.33

  41–44

6

3 (50.0)

0.04

0.95

 Stage of pregnancy

    

  1st trimester

7

4 (57.1)

0.11

0.74

  2nd trimester

38

22 (57.8)

0.98

0.32

  3rd trimester

80

38 (47.5)

1.21

0.26

Gravida status of women

    

 Primigravids

49

17 (34.7)

8.79

0.003*

 Multigravids

76

47 (61.8)

  

HIV-seropositive persons

125

72 (57.6)

  

 Age groups

    

  15–24

4

1 (25.0)

1.79

0.17

  25–34

27

16 (59.3)

0.04

0.84

  35–44

51

26 (50.9)

1.54

0.21

  45–54

30

20 (66.7)

1.32

0.25

  55–64

12

8 (66.7)

0.44

0.50

  65–68

1

1 (100)

0.74

0.389

 Gender

    

  Male

54

32 (59.2)

0.10

0.74

  Female

71

40 (56.3)

  

 CD4+ T cell count cell/mm3

    

  <200

9

6 (66.7)

0.32

0.56

  200 ≥ CD4+ ≤ 500

64

38 (59.4)

0.16

0.68

  >500

52

28 (53.8)

0.52

0.47

Children <5 years of age

200

117 (58.5)

  

 Age groups

    

  0–6 months

27

6 (22.2)

26.46

<0.001*

  6–12 months

30

9 (30.0)

11.80

<0.001*

  1–3 years

69

48 (69.6)

5.31

0.02*

  3 years > X < 5 years

74

53 (71.6)

7.32

<0.001*

 Gender

    

  Male

109

68 (62.4)

1.18

0.27

  Female

91

49 (53.8)

  
  1. p value was calculated by Pearson’s chi-square (χ 2) with confidence interval (CI) of 95 % and 1 degree of freedom (df). p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant and are indicated in bold fonts (*)