Fig. 3

G. spinigerum ESA modulated the expression of FcγRI on monocytes. Approximately 2 × 10⁶ PBMC (CD27⁻) were cultured in medium alone or in medium plus IL-2 (10 ng/ml), TGF-β1 (100 pg/ml), or ESA (0.1 μg/ml) for 12 h. After incubation, the cultured PBMC were stained with anti-FcγRI (CD64) and anti-human CD14 to identify monocyte (CD14⁺). The intensity of FcγRI expression was then analyzed by FACSCalibur flow cytometer with CellQuest software (Becton Dickinson, San Jose, CA, USA). a Monocytes and lymphocytes in PBMC cultures were gated based on their forward/sideward scatter characteristic. b FACS dot plots (upper panel) and FACS histograms (lower panel) show the expression of FcγRI on monocytes (CD14⁺CD64⁺). c Comparison of FcγRI expression (mean of fluorescence intensity; MFI) on monocytes in PBMC culture in medium alone, plus IL-2, TGF-β, or ES 0.1 μg/ml. In each FACS histogram, the grey profiles represent isotype control and the white profiles represent the amount of FcγRI expression. The results presented are from one experiment and are representative of data from three to four independent experiments. Significant differences among groups are indicated; NS not significant. ESA (0.1 μg/ml) significantly decrease FcγRI phenotypic expression on monocytes at 12 h of cultivation in comparison to those in medium alone (p = 0.026). The PBMC cultured with IL-2 and TGF-β show appropriated significant increased and decreased FcγRI expression, respectively, in comparing to the control