Table 4 Factors associated with microalbuminuria
| Â | Microalbuminuria | Univariate OR [95% CI] | p value | Multivariate OR [95% CI] | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Yes (n %) | No (n %) | ||||
Age | ||||||
 6–9 year | 215 (53.3) | 188 (46.7) | 1.0 |  |  |  |
 10–13 year | 59 (56.7) | 45 (43.3) | 1.0 [0.9–1.2] | 0.470 | 1.1 [0.6–1.6] | 0.820 |
Sex | ||||||
 Female | 140 (55.1) | 114 (44.9) | 1.0 |  |  |  |
 Male | 134 (53.0) | 119 (47.0) | 0.9 [0.6–1.3] | 0.627 | 0.8 [0.6–1.2] | 0.357 |
Water source | ||||||
 Lake water | 115 (56.7) | 88 (43.3) | 1.0 |  |  |  |
 Tap | 159 (52.4) | 145 (47.7) | 0.8 [0.6–1.2] | 0.336 | 0.9 [0.6–1.4] | 0.762 |
Contact to lake within 1 week | ||||||
 No | 49 (61.2) | 31 (38.8) | 1.0 |  |  |  |
 Yes | 202 (47.3) | 225 (52.7) | 0.7 [0.4–1.1] | 0.160 | 0.7 [0.4–1.2] | 0.205 |
Schistosomiasis by cca | ||||||
 No | 93 (51.4) | 88 (48.6) | 1.0 |  |  |  |
 Yes | 181 (55.5) | 145 (44.5) | 1.2 [0.8–1.7] | 0.370 | 1.2 [0.8–1.7] | 0.442 |
RBCs in urine | ||||||
 No RBCs | 247 (52.6) | 223 (447.4) | 1.0 |  |  |  |
 RBCs in urine | 27 (73.0) | 10 (27.0) | 2.4 [1.2–5.2] | 0.020 | 2.3 [1.1–4.9] | 0.035 |
Malaria | ||||||
 Negative | 219 (52.3) | 200 (47.7) | 1.0 |  |  |  |
 Positive | 55 (62.5) | 33 (37.5) | 1.5 [1.0–2.4] | 0.081 | 1.8 [1.0–2.9] | 0.024 |
Nutrition status | ||||||
 Normal | 216 (53.1) | 191 (46.9) |  |  |  |  |
 Moderate malnutrition | 38 (57.6) | 28 (42.4) | 1.2 [0.7–2.0] | 0.496 | 1.3 [0.7–2.1] | 0.414 |
 Severe malnutrition | 20 (58.8) | 14 (41.2) | 1.3 [0.6–2.6] | 0.519 | 1.2 [0.6–2.6] | 0.573 |
Haematobium | ||||||
 Negative | 268 (53.7) | 231 (43.3) | 1.0 |  |  |  |
 Positive | 6 (75.0) | 2 (25.0) | 2.6 [0.5–12.9] | 0.246 | 2.5 [0.5–12.9] | 0.278 |